pyproject RPM macros

These macros allow projects that follow the Python packaging specifications to be packaged as RPMs.

They are still provisional: we can make non-backwards-compatible changes to the API. Please subscribe to Fedora's python-devel list if you use the macros.

They work for:

• traditional Setuptools-based projects that use the setup.py file,
• newer Setuptools-based projects that have a setup.cfg file,
• general Python projects that use the PEP 517 pyproject.toml file (which allows using any build system, such as setuptools, flit or poetry).

These macros replace %py3_build and %py3_install, which only work with setup.py.

Usage

To use these macros, first BuildRequire them:

BuildRequires: pyproject-rpm-macros

Also BuildRequire the devel package for the Python you are building against. In Fedora, that's python3-devel. (In the future, we plan to make python3-devel itself require pyproject-rpm-macros.)

Next, you need to generate more build dependencies (of your projects and the macros themselves) by running %pyproject_buildrequires in the %generate_buildrequires section:

%generate_buildrequires
%pyproject_buildrequires

This will add build dependencies according to PEP 517 and PEP 518. To also add run-time and test-time dependencies, see the section below. If you need more dependencies, such as non-Python libraries, BuildRequire them manually.

Note that %generate_buildrequires may produce error messages (exit 11) in the build log. This is expected behavior of BuildRequires generators; see the Fedora change for details.

Then, build a wheel in %build with %pyproject_wheel:

%build
%pyproject_wheel

And install the wheel in %install with %pyproject_install:

%install
%pyproject_install

%pyproject_install installs all wheels in $PWD/pyproject-wheeldir/.

Adding run-time and test-time dependencies

To run tests in the %check section, the package's runtime dependencies often need to also be included as build requirements. This can be done using the -r flag:

%generate_buildrequires
%pyproject_buildrequires -r

For this to work, the project's build system must support the prepare-metadata-for-build-wheel hook. The popular buildsystems (setuptools, flit, poetry) do support it.

For projects that specify test requirements using an extra provide, these can be added using the -x flag. Multiple extras can be supplied by repeating the flag or as a comma separated list. For example, if upstream suggests installing test dependencies with pip install mypackage[testing], the test deps would be generated by:

%generate_buildrequires
%pyproject_buildrequires -x testing

For projects that specify test requirements in their tox configuration, these can be added using the -t flag (default tox environment) or the -e flag followed by the tox environment. The default tox environment (such as py37 assuming the Fedora's Python version is 3.7) is available in the %{toxenv} macro. For example, if upstream suggests running the tests on Python 3.7 with tox -e py37, the test deps would be generated by:

%generate_buildrequires
%pyproject_buildrequires -t

If upstream uses a custom derived environment, such as py37-unit, use:

%pyproject_buildrequires -e %{toxenv}-unit

Or specify more environments if needed:

%pyproject_buildrequires -e %{toxenv}-unit,%{toxenv}-integration

The -e option redefines %{toxenv} for further reuse. Use %{default_toxenv} to get the default value.

The -t/-e option uses tox-current-env's --print-deps-to-file behind the scenes.

Note that both -x and -t imply -r, because runtime dependencies are always required for testing.

Running tox based tests

In case you want to run the tests as specified in tox configuration, you must use %pyproject_buildrequires with -t or -e as explained above. Then, use the %tox macro in %check:

%check
%tox

The macro:

• Always prepends $PATH with %{buildroot}%{_bindir}
• If not defined, sets $PYTHONPATH to %{buildroot}%{python3_sitearch}:%{buildroot}%{python3_sitelib}
• If not defined, sets $TOX_TESTENV_PASSENV to *
• Runs tox with -q (quiet), --recreate and --current-env (from tox-current-env) flags
• Implicitly uses the tox environment name stored in %{toxenv} - as overridden by %pyproject_buildrequires -e

By using the -e flag, you can use a different tox environment(s):

%check
%tox
%if %{with integration_test}
%tox -e %{default_toxenv}-integration
%endif

If you wish to provide custom tox flags or arguments, add them after --:

%tox -- --flag-for-tox

If you wish to pass custom posargs to tox, use another --:

%tox -- --flag-for-tox -- --flag-for-posargs

Or (note the two sequential --s):

%tox -- -- --flag-for-posargs

Generating the %files section

To generate the list of files in the %files section, you can use %pyproject_save_files after the %pyproject_install macro. It takes toplevel module names (i.e. the names used with import in Python) and stores paths for those modules and metadata for the package (dist-info directory) to a file stored at %{pyproject_files}. For example, if a package provides the modules requests and _requests, write:

%install
%pyproject_install
%pyproject_save_files requests _requests

To add listed files to the %files section, use %files -f %{pyproject_files}. Note that you still need to add any documentation and license manually (for now).

%files -n python3-requests -f %{pyproject_files}
%doc README.rst
%license LICENSE

You can use globs in the module names if listing them explicitly would be too tedious:

%install
%pyproject_install
%pyproject_save_files '*requests'

In fully automated environments, you can use the * glob to include all modules (put it in single quotes to prevent Shell from expanding it). In Fedora however, you should always use a more specific glob to avoid accidentally packaging unwanted files (for example, a top level module named test).

Speaking about automated environments, some files cannot be classified with %pyproject_save_files, but it is possible to list all unclassified files by adding a special +auto argument.

%install
%pyproject_install
%pyproject_save_files '*' +auto

%files -n python3-requests -f %{pyproject_files}

However, in Fedora packages, always list executables explicitly to avoid unintended collisions with other packages or accidental missing executables:

%install
%pyproject_install
%pyproject_save_files requests _requests

%files -n python3-requests -f %{pyproject_files}
%doc README.rst
%license LICENSE
%{_bindir}/downloader

%pyproject_save_files also automatically recognizes language (*.mo) files and marks them with %lang macro and appropriate language code. Note that RPM might warn about such files listed twice:

warning: File listed twice: /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/conf/locale/af/LC_MESSAGES/django.mo

The warning is harmless.

Generating Extras subpackages

The %pyproject_extras_subpkg macro generates simple subpackage(s) for Python extras.

The macro should be placed after the base package's %description to avoid issues in building the SRPM.

For example, if the requests project's metadata defines the extras security and socks, the following invocation will generate the subpackage python3-requests+security that provides python3dist(requests[security]), and a similar one for socks.

%pyproject_extras_subpkg -n python3-requests security socks

The macro works like %python_extras_subpkg, except the -i/-f/-F arguments are optional and discouraged. A filelist written by %pyproject_install is used by default. For more information on %python_extras_subpkg, see the Fedora change.

These arguments are still required:

• -n: name of the “base” package (e.g. python3-requests)
• Positional arguments: the extra name(s). Multiple subpackages are generated when multiple names are provided.

The macro does nothing on Fedora 32 and lower, as automation around extras was only added in f33.

Limitations

%pyproject_install changes shebang lines of every Python script in %{buildroot}%{_bindir} to #!%{__python3} %{py3_shbang_opt} (#!/usr/bin/python3 -s). Existing Python flags in shebangs are preserved. For example #!/usr/bin/python3 -Ru will be updated to #!/usr/bin/python3 -sRu. Sometimes, this can interfere with tests that run such scripts directly by name, because in tests we usually rely on PYTHONPATH (and -s ignores that). Would this behavior be undesired for any reason, undefine %{py3_shbang_opt} to turn it off.

Some valid Python version specifiers are not supported.

Testing the macros

This repository has two kinds of tests. First, there is RPM %check section, run when building the python-rpm-macros package.

Then there are CI tests. There is currently no way to run Fedora CI tests locally, but you can do what the tests do manually using mock. For each $PKG.spec in tests/:

• clean your mock environment:

  mock -r fedora-rawhide-x86_64 clean

• install the version of python-rpm-macros you're testing, e.g.:

  mock -r fedora-rawhide-x86_64 install .../python-rpm-macros-*.noarch.rpm

• download the sources:

  spectool -g -R $PKG.spec

• build a SRPM:

  rpmbuild -bs $PKG.spec

• build in mock, using the path from the command above as $SRPM:

  mock -r fedora-rawhide-x86_64 -n -N $SRPM